We contribute novel discoveries and insights regarding the nature of human energy behavior and actions. These key findings answer important policy questions, and enable regulators and program planners to make data-driven, evidence-based decisions.

Behavior-based (BB) programs can provide peak-hour savings

We show one BB program that provides disproportionally high savings during peak hours and high system peak days

Savings in BB programs may be driven by actions related to AC

Identifying and targeting "high-saving" AC usage households may increase cost-effectiveness of BB programs

Savings from BB programs can ramp up quickly

We examine a BB program that shows statistically significant savings 7 to 14 days after the program begins

More customers enroll in an opt-out program than an opt-in program

A randomized field experiment finds that more customers enroll in opt-out TOU, CPP, and IHD programs